Flower-Visiting Insects
of Bastard Toadflax
Comandra umbellata (Bastard Toadflax)
(Insect floral visitors usually suck nectar; observations are from Robertson, Swengel & Swengel, Grundel et al., Voss, and Wilhelm & Rericha as indicated below)
Bees (long-tongued)
Apidae (Apinae): Apis mellifera (Rb); Anthophoridae (Ceratinini): Ceratina calcarata (WR), Ceratina dupla (WR), Ceratina mikmaqi (WR), Ceratina strenua (WR); Anthophoridae (Eucerini): Synhalonia speciosa (Rb); Anthophoridae (Nomadini): Nomada superba superba sn (Rb); Megachilidae (Osmiini): Osmia pumila (Rb)
Bees (short-tongued)
Halictidae (Halictinae): Augochlora pura (Gnd), Augochlorella aurata (WR), Augochlorella persimilis (WR), Halictus confusus (WR), Halictus rubicundus (Rb), Lasioglossum acuminatum (Gnd), Lasioglossum albipenne (Rb), Lasioglossum tegulare (Rb), Lasioglossum versatum (Rb), Lasioglossum vierecki (WR); Halictidae (Sphecodini): Sphecodes antennariae sn (WR), Sphecodes dichrous sn (Rb); Andrenidae (Andreninae): Andrena carlini (WR), Andrena mariae (Rb), Andrena miserabilis bipunctata (Rb), Andrena sayi (Rb), Andrena vicina (WR)
Flies
Stratiomyidae: Odontomyia pubescens (Rb), Stratiomys normula (Rb); Syrphidae: Eristalis arbustorum fq (Rb), Eristalis dimidiatus (Rb), Helophilus latifrons (Rb), Sphaerophoria contiqua fq (Rb), Syritta pipiens (Rb), Tropidia mamillata (Rb); Tachinidae: Tachinomyia panaetius (Rb); Sarcophagidae: Boettcheria cimbicis (Rb), Ravinia anxia fq (Rb), Sarcophaga sinuata (Rb); Calliphoridae: Calliphora vicina fq (Rb), Calliphora vomitoria (Rb), Cynomya cadaverina fq (Rb), Lucilia illustris fq (Rb), Lucilia sericata fq (Rb), Phormia regina fq (Rb); Muscidae: Bithoracochaeta leucoprocta (Rb), Graphomya americana (Rb), Limnophora narona fq (Rb), Myospila meditabunda (Rb), Neomyia cornicina (Rb); Anthomyiidae: Delia platura fq (Rb); Sciomyzidae: Pherbellia parallela (Rb)
Butterflies
Nymphalidae: Vanessa cardui sn (V); Lycaenidae: Lycaeides melissa samuelis sn (Sw), Strymon melinus sn (Rb); Papilionidae: Papilio marcellus sn (Rb)
Beetles
Cantharidae: Ancistronycha bilineata (Rb); Coccinellidae: Coleomegilla maculata (Rb)