Flower-Visiting Insects
of Cowbane
Oxypolis rigidior (Cowbane)
(Short-tongued bees collect pollen and/or suck nectar, flies and beetles feed on nectar or pollen, and other insects suck nectar, except those that are predatory, as indicated below. Most observations are from Robertson, otherwise they are from Moure & Hurd, Graenicher, Williams, and Wilhelm & Rericha as indicated below)
Bees (long-tongued)
Apidae (Apinae): Apis mellifera sn
Bees (short-tongued)
Halictidae (Halictinae): Halictus rubicunda sn, Lasioglossum admirandus (MH), Lasioglossum imitatus sn cp, Lasioglossum versatus sn cp; Halictidae (Sphecodini): Sphecodes dichroa sn; Colletidae (Hylaeinae): Hylaeus affinis sn, Hylaeus mesillae sn
Wasps
Sphecidae (Astatinae): Astata unicolor; Sphecidae (Bembicinae): Epinysson mellipes (WR), Gorytes simillimus (Rb, WR), Pseudoplisus phaleratus (Rb, WR), Stizoides renicinctus; Sphecidae (Crabroninae): Ectemnius continuus (WR), Ectemnius maculosus (WR), Ectemnius rufipes, Ectemnius scaber (WR), Ectemnius stirpicola (WR), Ectemnius trifasciatus, Lestica confluentus, Lindenius columbianus, Oxybelus emarginatus, Oxybelus mexicanus, Oxybelus packardii, Oxybelus uniglumis; Sphecidae (Larrinae): Ancistromma distincta, Lyroda subita, Tachysphex belfragei, Tachytes distinctus; Sphecidae (Philanthinae): Cerceris clypeata, Cerceris compacta; Sphecidae (Sphecinae): Chalybion californicum fq (Rb, WR), Chlorion aerarius, Isodontia apicalis, Prionyx atrata, Sceliphron caementarium (Rb,WR); Vespidae (Eumeninae): Euodynerus foraminatus, Leionotus ziziae, Stenodynerus fundatiformis, Stenodynerus histrionalis, Symmorphus cristatus (WR); Vespidae (Polistinae): Polistes carolina, Polistes dominula (WR), Polistes fuscatus (WR); Vespidae (Vespinae): Dolichovespula maculata (WR), Vespula germanica (WR), Vespula macuifrons (WR), Vespula squamosa (WR), Vespula vidua (WR); Pompilidae: Ageniella fulgifrons, Anoplius lepidus, Anoplius nigritus, Entypus fulvicornis, Evagetes ingenuus, Tachypompilus ferruginea; Tiphiidae: Myzinum quinquecincta, Tiphia intermedia, Tiphia letalis, Tiphia transversa; Scoliidae: Scolia bicincta; Mutillidae: Dasymutilla macra, Myrmosa unicolor, Timulla vagans; Chrysididae: Chrysis venusta, Hedychrum violaceum, Holopyga ventrale; Figitidae: Figites impatiens fq, Neralsia armatus, Prosaspicera albihirta; Eucoilidae: Pseudeucoila stigmata; Pteromalidae: Eutrichosoma mirabile; Chalcididae: Bruchophagus gibba; Leucospididae: Leucospis affinis (Rb, WR); Perilampidae: Perilampus fulvicornis, Perilampus hyalinus; Ichneumonidae: Ceratogastra ornata fq, Ichneumon ambulatorius; Braconidae: Agathis simillimus, Apanteles crassicornis, Bracon apicatus, Cardiochiles abdominale, Chelonus sericeus, Meteorus areolatus, Microplites croceipes, Microplites gortynae, Monogonogastra fuscipennis, Opius gahani, Urosigalphus femoratus, Vipio rugator
Ants
Formicidae (Formicinae): Formica glacialis sn np (WR)
Flies
Sciaridae: Sciara atrata; Syrphidae: Allograpta obliqua, Didea fuscipes (Gr), Eristalis arbustorum, Melangyna umbellatarum (Gr), Paragus bicolor, Platycheirus hyperboreus (Gr), Spilomyia longicornis, Syritta pipiens, Syrphus ribesii, Toxomerus geminatus, Toxomerus marginatus, Toxomerus politus; Empidae: Empis clausa; Pipunculidae: Chalarus spurius; Bombyliidae: Anthrax alternata (Gr); Conopidae: Physoconops brachyrhynchus, Zodion americanum; Tachinidae: Belvosia unifasciata, Chetogena claripennis, Clausicella geniculata, Cylindromyia dosiades, Gymnoclytia occidua, Gymnosoma fuliginosum, Euclytia flava, Myiopharus ancilla, Nemorilla pyste, Phasia aeneoventris, Phasia purpurascens, Spallanzania hesperidarum, Trichopoda pennipes; Sarcophagidae: Amobia aurifrons, Helicobia rapax, Ravinia anxia, Ravinia derelicta, Ravinia stimulans, Senotainia rubriventris, Sphixapata trilineata; Calliphoridae: Lucilia sericata; Muscidae: Limnophora narona, Lispe consanguinea, Morellia micans, Musca domestica, Neomyia cornicina; Anthomyiidae: Calythea pratincola, Delia platura; Tephritidae: Euraresta bella; Ephydridae: Ochthera lauta; Chloropidae: Apallates coxendix, Hippelates plebejus, Liohippelates flavipes fq, Liohippelates pusio, Olcella cinerea, Olcella trigramma; Milichiidae: Leptometopa latipes; Chamaemyiidae: Leucopis minor
Butterflies
Nymphalidae: Limenitis archippus; Lycaenidae: Parrhasius m-album
Skippers
Hesperiidae: Polites themistocles
Beetles
Cantharidae: Chauliognathus pennsylvanicus (Rb, Wms); Chrysomelidae: Diabrotica cristata, Diabrotica undecimpunctata, Luperaltica nigripalpis, Sennius cruentatus; Coccinellidae: Cycloneda sanguinea, Hippodamia convergens; Curculionidae: Centrinaspis picumna; Lathridiidae: Melanophthalma americana; Meloidae: Epicauta cinereus, Epicauta pennsylvanica, Pyrota germari; Mordellidae: Mordella melaena, Mordellistena limbalis; Phalacridae: Olibrus semistriatus (WR); Rhipiphoridae: Macrosiagon limbata lgf; Scarabaeidae (Cetonniae): Euphoria sepulcralis
True Bugs
Anthocoridae: Orius insidiosus prd; Lygaeidae: Oncopeltus fasciatus; Miridae: Lygus lineolaris, Plagiognathus obscurus, Plagiognathus politus (WR); Pentatomidae: Euschistus servus euschistoides sn (Wm2); Thyreocoridae: Corimelaena lateralis (WR)
Lacewings
Chrysopidae: Chrysoperla plorabunda prd np