Flower-Visiting Insects
of Partridge Pea

Chamaecrista fasciculata (Partridge Pea)
(Long-tongued bees collect pollen from the flowers and they are the only effective pollinators, according to Robertson. Short-tongued bees collect stray pollen [csp] or rest on the flower [rst] or they suck petiolar nectar, flies feed on stray pollen [fsp] or they suck petiolar nectar, the skipper explores [exp] the flowers in vain for nectar, other insects suck petiolar nectar only. Observations are from Robertson, Moure & Hurd, LaBerge, Krombein et al., MacRae, Smith et al., Williams, and Wilhelm & Rericha as indicated below.)

Visit flowers for pollen:

Bees (long-tongued)
Apidae (Apini): Apis mellifera cp fq (Rb, WR); Apidae (Bombini): Bombus auricomus cp fq (Rb, WR), Bombus fraternus cp fq (Rb, Smh), Bombus griseocollis cp fq (Rb, Smh, WR), Bombus impatiens cp fq (Rb, Smh, WR), Bombus pensylvanicus cp fq (Rb, Smh), Bombus vagans cp (Rb); Anthophoridae (Anthophorini): Anthophora walshii cp olg (Rb); Anthophoridae (Eucerini): Florilegus condignus cp (Rb), Melissodes bimaculata cp (Rb), Melissodes communis cp (Rb), Melissodes comptoides cp fq (Rb), Svastra atripes cp fq olg (Rb); Anthophoridae (Xylocopini): Xylocopa virginica cp (Smh, WR); Megachilidae (Megachilini): Megachile brevis cp fq (Rb, WR), Megachile gemula cp (WR), Megachile latimanus cp (Rb), Megachile mendica cp (Rb, WR), Megachile petulans cp (Rb, WR), Megachile texana cp fq (Rb, WR)

Bees (short-tongued)
Halictidae (Halictinae): Agapostemon sericeus csp np (Rb), Agapostemon texanus csp np (Rb), Augochlorella aurata (Smh), Augochloropsis metallica metallica csp np (Rb, Smh), Lasioglossum pilosum csp np (Rb), Lasioglossum versatum csp np (Rb, WR); Halictidae (Nomiinae): Dieunomia triangulifera rst np (WR)

Flies
Syrphidae: Milesia virginiensis fsp np (Rb)

Skippers
Hesperiidae: Epargyreus clarus exp np (WR)

Visit petiolar nectaries:

Bees (long-tongued)
Apidae (Apini): Apis mellifera sn (WR); Apidae (Bombini): Bombus auricomus sn (WR), Bombus griseocollis sn (WR), Bombus impatiens sn (WR); Anthophoridae (Ceratinini): Ceratina mikmaqi sn (WR); Anthophoridae (Xylocopini): Xylocopa virginica sn (WR); Megachilidae (Megachilini): Megachile brevis sn (WR), Megachile gemula sn (WR), Megachile mendica sn (WR), Megachile petulans sn (WR), Megachile texana sn (WR)

Bees (short-tongued)
Halictidae (Halictinae): Augochlorella aurata sn (Rb, WR), Augochloropsis sumptuosa sn (WR), Halictus ligatus sn (WR), Lasioglossum admirandum sn (WR), Lasioglossum anomalum sn (WR), Lasioglossum ellisiae sn (WR), Lasioglossum floridanum sn (WR), Lasioglossum foveolatum sn (WR), Lasioglossum hitchensi sn (WR), Lasioglossum illinoense sn (WR), Lasioglossum imitatum sn fq (Rb), Lasioglossum leucocomum sn (WR), Lasioglossum pectorale sn (Rb), Lasioglossum perpunctatum sn (WR), Lasioglossum pictum sn (WR), Lasioglossum pilsoum sn (WR), Lasioglossum tegulare sn (Rb, WR), Lasioglossum versatum sn fq (Rb, WR), Lasioglossum vierecki sn (WR), Lasioglossum viridatum sn (WR), Lasioglossum zephyrum sn (Rb, WR); Colletidae (Colletinae): Colletes mandibularis sn (WR), Colletes nudus sn (WR); Colletidae (Hylaeinae): Hylaeus sp. sn (WR), Hylaeus affinis sn (WR), Hylaeus illinoisensis sn (WR), Hylaeus modestus sn (WR)

Wasps
Sphecidae (Astatinae): Astata unicolor sn (Rb); Sphecidae (Bembicinae): Nysson rufiventris sn (Rb), Synnevrus aurinotus sn fq (Rb), Zanysson plesia sn (Rb); Sphecidae (Crabroninae): Anacrabro ocellatus sn (WR), Crossocerus lentus sn (Rb), Ectemnius dives sn (WR), Enoplolindenius robertsoni sn (Rb), Oxybelus emarginatus sn (Rb, WR), Oxybelus mexicanus sn (Rb); Sphecidae (Larrinae): Liris argentata sn (Rb), Lyroda subita sn (Rb), Tachysphex acuta sn (Rb), Tachysphex belfragei sn fq (Rb), Tachysphex mundus sn (Rb), Tachysphex tarsata sn (Rb), Tachytes chrysopyga sn (Rb), Tachytes intermedius sn (Rb), Tachytes mergus sn (Rb), Tachytes pepticus sn (Rb); Sphecidae (Pemphredoninae): Pluto tibialis sn (Rb); Sphecidae (Philanthinae): Cerceris kennicottii sn (Rb), Cerceris rufinoda sn (Rb); Sphecidae (Sphecinae): Ammophila nigricans sn (WR), Chalybion californicus sn (Rb), Chlorion aerarium sn (Rb, WR), Isodontia mexicana sn (WR), Sceliphron caementarium sn (Rb), Sphex pensylvanicus sn (WR); Vespidae (Eumeninae): Eumenes fraternus sn (WR), Euodynerus foraminatus sn (Rb, WR); Vespidae (Polistinae): Polistes dominula sn (WR), Polistes fuscatus sn (WR); Vespidae (Vespinae): Vespula maculifrons sn (WR), Vespula squamosa sn (WR); Pompilidae: Ageniella arcuatus sn (Rb), Anoplius nigritus sn (Rb), Anoplius semicinctus sn (WR), Cryptocheilus terminatus sn (Rb), Entypus fulvicornis sn (Rb), Poecilopompilus interrupta sn (Rb), Priocnemis pretiosa sn (Rb); Tiphiidae: Myzinum maculatum sn (WR), Myzinum quinquecinctum sn (WR), Tiphia illinoensis sn (Rb), Tiphia intermedia sn (Rb); Mutillidae: Dasymutilla macra sn (Rb), Dasymutilla nigripes sn (WR), Dasymutilla quadriguttata sn (WR), Timulla sayi sn (Rb), Timulla vagans sn fq (Rb); Chrysididae: Chrysis inaequidens sn (Rb), Chrysis intricata sn (Rb), Chrysis montana sn (Rb), Holopyga ventrale sn (Rb), Muesebeckidium obsoletum sn (WR); Perilampidae: Perilampus hyalinus sn (Rb); Braconidae: Rhygoplitis terminalis sn (Rb)

Ants
Formicidae (Dolichoderinae): Dolichoderus plagiatus sn (WR), Forelius pruinosus sn (WR), Tapinoma sp. sn (WR), Tapinoma sessile sn (WR); Formicidae (Formicinae): Brachymyrmex depilis sn (WR), Camponotus castaneus sn (Rb), Formica difficilis sn (WR), Formica dolosa sn (WR), Formica exsectoides sn (WR), Formica fusca sn (Rb), Formica incerta sn (WR), Formica lasioides sn (WR), Formica latifrons sn (WR), Formica montana sn (WR), Formica neogagates sn (WR), Formica pallidefulva sn (WR), Formica querquetulana sn (WR), Formica schaufussi sn fq (Rb), Formica subsericea sn (WR), Lasius neoniger sn (WR), Lasius niger sn fq (Rb), Nylanderia parvula sn (WR); Formicidae (Myrmicinae): Aphaenogaster treatae sn (WR), Crematogaster cerasi sn (WR), Crematogaster lineolata sn (WR), Monomorium minimum sn (WR), Myrmica AF-scu sn (WR), Myrmica AF-smi sn (WR), Myrmica americana sn (WR), Myrmica latifrons sn (WR), Pheidole bicarinata sn (WR), Pheidole pilifera sn (WR), Tetramorium caespitum sn (WR)

Flies
Tabanidae: Tabanus lineola sn (Rb); Syrphidae: Syritta pipiens sn (Rb), Toxomerus marginatus sn (Rb, WR), Toxomerus politus sn (Rb); Conopidae: Physocephala texana sn (WR), Thecophora occidensis sn (Rb); Tachinidae: Chaetoplagia atripennis sn (Rb); Sarcophagidae: Helicobia rapax sn (Rb), Senotainia rubriventris sn (Rb); Muscidae: Neomyia cornicina sn (Rb); Platystomatidae: Rivellia quadrifasciata sn (Rb); Chloropidae: Thaumatomyia glabra sn (Rb)

Beetles
Anthicidae: Stereopalpus vestitus sn (WR); Chrysomelidae: Brachypnoea tristis sn (WR), Colaspis brunnea sn (WR), Diabrotica cristata sn (WR), Lexiphanes saponatus sn (WR); Coccinellidae: Coccinella septempunctata sn (WR), Cycloneda munda sn (WR), Propylea quatuordecimpunctata sn (WR); Curculionidae: Odontocorynus scutellum-album sn (WR); Lycidae: Calopteron terminale sn (WR); Melyridae: Collops vicarius sn (WR); Mordellidae: Mordella atrata sn (WR), Mordella marginata sn (WR), Mordellistena picilabris sn (WR); Phalacridae: Olibrus semistriatus sn (WR)

Plant Bugs
Miridae: Lygus lineolaris sn (Rb, WR)

Visitation Type Unspecified:

Bees (short-tongued)
Halictidae (Halictinae): Agapostemon splendens (MH), Augochloropsis sumptuosa (MH), Lasioglossum bruneri (MH); Halictidae (Nomiinae): Nomia nortoni (MH, Kr); Colletidae (Colletinae): Colletes mandibularis (LB, Kr); Andrenidae (Andreninae): Andrena accepta (Kr), Andrena imitatrix (Kr)

Beetles
Buprestidae: Acmaeodera texana (McR); Cantharidae: Chauliognathus pennsylvanicus (Wms)

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