Flower-Visiting Insects
of Philadelphia Fleabane
Erigeron philadelphicus (Philadelphia Fleabane)
(Also called Marsh Fleabane. Bees suck nectar and/or collect pollen, flies suck nectar or feed on pollen, beetles feed on nectar or feed on pollen or gnaw on floral tissue, plant bugs suck nectar or feed on floral tissue, other insects suck nectar. Observations are from Robertson, Graenicher, Petersen, Moure & Hurd, LaBerge, Krombein et al., Fothergill & Vaughn, Smith et al., Williams, Voss, Stevens, Wilhelm & Rericha, and O'Brien as indicated below.)
Bees (long-tongued)
Apidae (Apini): Apis mellifera sn (Rb); Apidae (Bombini): Bombus fervidus (Pt), Bombus griseocollis sn (Rb), Bombus pensylvanicus (Smh); Anthophoridae (Anthophorinae): Exomalopsis asteris (Pt); Anthophoridae (Ceratinini): Ceratina calcarata sn fq (Rb, Smh, WR), Ceratina dupla sn cp fq (Rb, Gr, Smh, WR), Ceratina mikmaqi (WR), Ceratina strenua (WR); Anthophoridae (Eucerini): Svastra obliqua (LB); Anthophoridae (Nomadini): Nomada spp. sn (Smh), Nomada articulata sn fq (Rb, Gr, WR), Nomada cressonii sn (Rb), Nomada denticulata sn (Gr), Nomada rhodoxantha sn (Gr), Nomada sayi sn (Gr), Nomada seneciophila sn (Smh), Nomada subnigrocincta sn (Smh), Nomada superba sn (Rb); Anthophoridae (Xylocopini): Xylocopa virginica (Smh); Megachilidae (Coelioxini): Coelioxys moesta sn (Gr), Coelioxys sayi sn (Smh); Megachilidae (Megachilini): Megachile brevis sn (Rb, Stv), Megachile centuncularis sn cp (Gr, Stv), Megachile mendica (Smh), Megachile petulans (Smh), Megachile relativa (Stv); Megachilidae (Osmiini): Hoplitis pilosifrons sn (Rb, Gr, Smh, WR), Osmia atriventris sn cp (Gr), Osmia conjuncta (Smh), Osmia distincta sn (Gr), Osmia georgica sn cp fq (Rb, Smh); Megachilidae (Stelidini): Stelis lateralis sn fq (Rb, Gr, Smh), Stelis sexmaculata sn (Gr), Stelis subemarginata sn (Gr); Megachilidae (Trypetini): Heriades leavitti sn (Rb, Smh), Heriades variolosa (Kr)
Bees (short-tongued)
Halictidae (Dufoureinae): Dufourea marginata (Pt); Halictidae (Halictinae): Agapostemon virescens sn cp (Rb, Gr), Augochlora pura (WR), Augochlorella aurata sn cp (Rb, WR), Augochlorella gratiosa (Smh), Augochlorella striata sn cp (Rb, Gr), Halictus sp. (Lasioglossum sp.) sn (Gr), Halictus confusus sn cp fq (Rb), Halictus ligatus sn cp fq (Rb, Gr, Pt, Smh, WR), Halictus rubicundus (MH), Lasioglossum albipenne sn (Rb), Lasioglossum anomalum (Pt), Lasioglossum connexum (MH), Lasioglossum coriaceum sn cp (Rb, Gr), Lasioglossum cressonii sn cp (Gr), Lasioglossum forbesii (MH), Lasioglossum imitatum sn (Rb), Lasioglossum pectorale sn cp fq (Rb), Lasioglossum pictum (MH), Lasioglossum pilosum sn cp (Rb), Lasioglossum tegulare sn cp (Gr), Lasioglossum versatum sn cp fq (Rb); Halictidae (Sphecodini): Sphecodes clematidis sn (Gr), Sphecodes cressonii sn (Rb), Sphecodes dichrous sn (Gr); Colletidae (Hylaeinae): Hylaeus affinis sn (Gr, Smh), Hylaeus illinoisensis (WR), Hylaeus mesillae sn (Rb, Gr, WR), Hylaeus modestus sn cp (Gr, Smh); Andrenidae (Andreninae): Andrena bisalicis (Smh), Andrena commoda sn cp (Gr), Andrena cressonii sn cp (Gr), Andrena faceta (Smh), Andrena fragilis sn (Gr), Andrena gardineri sn (Smh), Andrena imitatrix (Smh), Andrena mariae sn (Rb), Andrena microchlora (Smh), Andrena nigrifrons (Kr), Andrena personata fq (Smh), Andrena robertsonii sn (Gr), Andrena spiraeana (Kr); Andrenidae (Panurginae): Calliopsis andreniformis sn (Gr)
Wasps
Sphecidae (Sphecinae): Ammophila kennedyi sn (Rb, Gr), Ammophila urnaria sn (OB), Isodontia philadelphica sn (Gr), Podalonia violaceipennis sn (OB); Vespidae (Eumeninae): Ancistrocerus adiabatus sn (Gr), Ancistrocerus antilope sn (Gr), Ancistrocerus catskill sn (Gr), Euodynerus foraminatus sn (Rb), Stenodynerus ammonia sn fq (Rb), Stenodynerus anormis sn fq (Rb), Stenodynerus oculeus sn (Rb); Vespidae (Vespinae): Vespula germanica sn (Gr)
Ants
Formicidae (Myrmicinae): Crematogaster cerasi sn np (WR)
Flies
Syrphidae: Epistrophe emarginata (Gr), Eristalis transversa (Gr), Eupeodes americanus (Gr), Paragus bicolor (Rb), Paragus tibialis (Rb, Gr), Rhingia nasica sn (Gr), Sphaerophoria contiqua (Gr), Syritta pipiens (Gr), Syrphus ribesii (Gr), Toxomerus geminatus (Gr), Toxomerus marginatus (Gr); Bombyliidae: Aldrichia ehrmanii fp fq (Rb, Gr); Stratiomyidae: Nemotelus nigrinus sn (Gr), Odontomyia virgo sn (Gr); Conopidae: Thecophora occidensis sn (Rb), Zodion fulvifrons sn fq (Rb, Gr); Tachinidae: Clausicella floridensis sn (Rb), Copecrypta ruficauda sn (Gr), Cylindromyia carolinae sn (Gr), Epigrimyia polita sn (Gr), Gymnoclytia immaculata sn (Rb, Gr), Gymnoclytia occidua sn fq (Rb), Leucostoma simplex sn (Rb), Periscepsia laevigata sn (Rb), Phasia purpurascens sn (Rb), Siphona geniculata sn (Rb); Calliphoridae: Calliphora vicina (Gr), Lucilia illustris (Gr); Sarcophagidae: Helicobia rapax (Rb, Gr), Ravinia anxia (Rb), Sarcophaga sinuata (Rb), Sphixapata trilineata (Gr); Muscidae: Hydrotaea sp. (Gr), Neomyia cornicina (Rb); Anthomyiidae: Calythea nigricans (Rb), Delia platura (Rb); Sciaridae: Sciara exigua (Gr)
Butterflies
Papilionidae: Eurytides marcellus sn (FV); Nymphalidae: Limenitis archippus sn (FV), Phyciodes tharos sn (Rb, FV); Lycaenidae: Calycopis cecrops sn (FV), Lycaena hyllus sn (Rb), Lycaena phlaeas americana sn (V), Strymon melinus sn (FV); Pieridae: Eurema nicippe sn (Rb), Pieris napi sn (V)
Skippers
Hesperiidae: Ancyloxypha numitor sn (Rb), Polites mystic sn (Gr), Polites peckius sn (Rb, Gr), Polites themistocles sn (Rb, Gr)
Moths
Geometridae: Lomographa vestaliata sn (Gr); Sesiidae: Cisseps fulvicollis sn (Rb)
Beetles
Cantharidae: Chauliognathus pennsylvanicus (Wms), Rhagonycha dichrous fp np (Rb); Cerambycidae: Brachysomida bivittata (Gr); Chrysomelidae: Cryptocephalus quadruplex (Gr), Diabrotica undecimpunctata fp np (Rb); Cleridae: Trichodes apivorus (Gr); Curculionidae: Centrinites strigicollis fp gnw np (WR), Linogeraeus neglectus (WR); Mordellidae: Mordella atrata (WR), Mordellistena cervicalis (WR), Mordellistena comata (Gr); Scarabaeidae (Cetonniae): Trichiotinus piger fp np (Rb, Gr)
Plant Bugs
Miridae: Adelphocoris rapidus (Rb, Gr), Lygus lineolaris (Rb, Gr, WR), Metriorrhynchomiris dislocatus (Gr), Plagiognathus sp. (Gr); Rhopalidae: Arhyssus lateralis (Rb)