Flower-Visiting
Birds
and Insects
of Sand Evening Primrose
Oenothera clelandii (Sand Evening Primrose)
(Hummingbirds and ants suck nectar, bees suck nectar and/or collect pollen, the Syrphid fly feeds on pollen, and the beetle feeds on nectar or pollen. Observations are from Graenicher and Williams as indicated below. Lasioglossum texanum is an oligolege of nocturnal-blooming Oenothera spp. Oenothera rhombipetala is a more western species that is uncommonly adventive in Illinois and neighboring areas, however some older records do not distinguish this species from Oenothera clelandii.)
Birds
Trochilidae: Archilochus colubris sn (Gr)
Bees (long-tongued)
Apidae (Bombini): Bombus griseocollis (WR), Bombus impatiens (WR); Anthophoridae (Ceratinini): Ceratina calcarata (WR), Ceratina dupla dupla (WR), Ceratina mikmaqi (WR), Ceratina strenua (WR)
Bees (short-tongued)
Halictidae (Halictinae): Lasioglossum floridanum (WR), Lasioglossum leucocomum (WR), Lasioglossum pilosum pilosum (WR), Lasioglossum texanum cp olg (WR); Halictidae (Sphecodini): Sphecodes mandibularis sn (WR)
Ants
Formicidae (Dolichoderinae): Dorymyrmex grandulus sn np (WR), Forelius pruinosus sn np (WR); Formicidae (Formicinae): Formica dolosa sn np (WR), Formica incerta sn np (WR)
Flies
Syrphidae: Toxomerus marginatus fp np (WR)
Beetles
Cantharidae: Chauliognathus pennsylvanicus (Wms)