Flower-Visiting Insects
of Self-Heal

Prunella vulgaris (Self-Heal)
(Also called All-Heal; this includes var. lanceolata. Insects suck nectar primarily, although some bees also collect pollen, and beetle activity is unspecified. Observations are from Robertson, Lewis, Macior, Swengel & Swengel, Costelloe, Smith et al., Williams, Voss, Wilhelm & Rericha, and Discover Life as indicated below.)

Bees (long-tongued)
Apidae (Bombini): Bombus fervidus (DL), Bombus griseocollis sn (Rb, Smh), Bombus impatiens fq sn cp (Rb, WR), Bombus pensylvanicus sn fq (Rb, Smh), Bombus vagans sn fq (Rb, Mc, Cst, DL); Anthophoridae (Anthophorini): Anthophora terminalis sn (Rb, WR, DL); Anthophoridae (Ceratinini): Ceratina calcarata (WR), Ceratina dupla sn (Rb, WR), Ceratina mikmaqi (WR); Anthophoridae (Eucerini): Melissodes bimaculata sn (Rb, WR), Melissodes comptoides sn (Rb); Anthophoridae (Xylocopini): Xylocopa virginica fq (Smh, WR); Megachilidae (Megachilini): Megachile latimanus (DL), Megachile mendica sn (Rb, Smh, DL); Megachilidae (Osmiini): Hoplitis pilosifrons fq (Smh), Osmia conjuncta (Smh)

Bees (short-tongued)
Halictidae (Halictinae): Augochlorella aurata (DL), Augochlorella gratiosa (Smh), Augochlorella striata sn (Rb), Halictus confusus sn (Rb); Andrenidae (Panurginae): Calliopsis andreniformis sn (Rb)

Wasps
Scoliidae: Scolia bicincta sn (Rb)

Flies
Bombyliidae: Exoprosopa fasciata sn (Rb); Tachinidae: Archytas aterrima sn (Rb)

Butterflies
Papilionidae: Battus philenor sn (DL); Lycaenidae: Lycaeides melissa samuelis sn (Sw); Pieridae: Colias philodice sn, Pieris rapae sn (Rb, Lw), Pontia protodice sn (Rb)

Skippers
Hesperiidae: Achalarus lyciades sn (DL), Anatrytone logan sn (Rb), Ancyloxypha numitor sn (Rb), Lerodea eufala sn (DL), Oligoria maculata sn (DL), Polites mystic sn (V), Polites peckius sn (Rb), Polites themistocles sn (Rb), Staphylus hayhurstii sn (Rb)

Beetles
Cantharidae: Chauliognathus pennsylvanicus (Wms)

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