Flower-Visiting
Insects
of Spring Beauty
Claytonia virginica (Spring Beauty)
(Bees suck nectar; honeybees and some short-tongued bees also collect pollen; Ladybird beetles feed on pollen & are non-pollinating; other insects suck nectar; observations are from Robertson, Graenicher, Krombein et al., Schemske et al., Campbell, Motten, and Grundel et al. as indicated below)
Bees (long-tongued)
Apidae (Apinae): Apis mellifera sn cp fq (Rb, Shm, Mtt); Apidae (Bombini): Bombus auricomus sn (Rb), Bombus griseocollis (Shm), Bombus impatiens sn (Rb), Bombus pensylvanica sn (Rb), Bombus vagans sn (Rb); Anthophoridae (Ceratinini): Ceratina calcarata sn (Rb, Mtt), Ceratina dupla dupla sn (Rb), Ceratina strenua (Shm); Anthophoridae (Eucerini): Synhalonia belfragii sn (Rb), Synhalonia speciosa sn (Rb); Anthophoridae (Nomadini): Nomada spp. fq (Cmp, Mtt), Nomada affabilis sn (Rb), Nomada cressonii sn (Rb), Nomada cuneatus sn (Rb), Nomada illinoiensis sn (Rb), Nomada integerrima sn (Rb), Nomada luteola sn (Shm), Nomada obliterata sn (Rb), Nomada ovatus fq sn (Rb), Nomada sayi sn (Rb), Nomada sulphurata sn (Rb); Anthophoridae (Xylocopini): Xylocopa virginica (Mtt); Megachilidae (Osmiini): Osmia spp. (Cmp, Mtt), Osmia atriventris sn (Rb), Osmia conjuncta fq (Mtt), Osmia lignaria lignaria sn fq (Rb, Mtt), Osmia pumila sn (Rb)
Bees (short-tongued)
Halictidae (Halictinae): Agapostemon sericea sn cp (Rb), Agapostemon splendens sn (Rb), Augochlora pura (Gnd), Augochlorella spp. (Mtt), Augochlorella aurata sn (Rb), Augochlorella striata sn fq (Rb), Augochloropsis metallica metallica sn (Rb), Augochloropsis sumptuosa (Shm), Halictus confusus sn cp fq (Rb), Halictus ligatus sn (Rb), Halictus rubicunda sn cp fq (Rb), Lasioglossum spp. fq (Mtt), Lasioglossum abanci (Cmp), Lasioglossum cinctipes sn (Rb), Lasioglossum coriaceus sn cp (Rb), Lasioglossum cressonii sn (Rb), Lasioglossum forbesii (Shm), Lasioglossum foxii sn (Rb), Lasioglossum illinoensis sn (Rb), Lasioglossum imitatus sn (Rb), Lasioglossum macoupinensis (Mtt), Lasioglossum obscurus (Shm), Lasioglossum pectoralis sn (Rb), Lasioglossum pilosus pilosus sn (Rb), Lasioglossum truncatus sn (Rb), Lasioglossum versatus sn cp fq (Rb), Lasioglossum zephyrus sn (Rb); Halictidae (Sphecodini): Sphecodes dichroa sn (Rb); Colletidae (Colletinae): Colletes inaequalis sn (Rb); Andrenidae (Andreninae): Andrena spp. (Shm, Cmp, Mtt), Andrena arabis sn (Rb), Andrena carlini sn fq (Rb, Shm, Mtt), Andrena cressonii sn cp fq (Rb, Shm), Andrena dunningi sn (Rb), Andrena erigeniae sn cp fq olg (Rb, Shm, Cmp, Mtt), Andrena erythrogaster sn (Rb), Andrena erythronii sn (Rb), Andrena forbesii sn cp fq (Rb, Shm), Andrena imitatrix imitatrix sn cp fq (Rb), Andrena mandibularis sn (Rb), Andrena miserabilis bipunctata sn cp fq (Rb, Shm), Andrena nasonii sn fq (Rb, Shm, Mtt), Andrena nigrihirta fq (Cmp, Mtt), Andrena nuda (Kr), Andrena personata sn fq (Rb), Andrena pruni sn (Rb), Andrena rugosa sn (Rb, Shm), Andrena sayi sn (Rb), Andrena tridens (Mtt)
Flies
Syrphidae: Unidentified spp. fq (Mtt), Allograpta obliqua (Rb), Dasysyrphus venustus (Rb), Eristalis arbustorum (Rb), Eristalis dimidiatus (Rb, Shm), Eristalis stipator (Rb), Eupeodes americanus fq (Rb, Shm), Helophilus fasciatus fq (Rb, Shm), Melanostoma sp. (Shm), Paragus bicolor fq (Rb), Platycheirus obscurus (Rb, Shm), Rhingia nasica (Rb), Sphaerophoria contiqua (Rb), Syritta pipiens (Rb), Syrphus sp. (Shm), Syrphus ribesii (Rb), Syrphus torvus (Rb, Shm), Toxomerus geminatus (Rb), Toxomerus marginatus (Rb, Shm); Empididae: Empis nuda (Rb), Empis otiosa (Rb); Bombyliidae: Bombylius major fq (Rb, Gr, Cmp, Mtt); Conopidae: Myopa vesiculosa (Rb); Tachinidae: Gonia sp. fq (Cmp, Mtt); Sarcophagidae: Helicobia rapax (Rb), Ravinia derelicta (Rb), Sarcophaga sinuata (Rb); Calliphoridae: Calliphora vicina (Rb), Cynomya cadaverina (Rb), Phormia regina (Rb); Muscidae: Bithoracochaeta leucoprocta (Rb), Limnophora narona (Rb), Neomyia cornicina (Rb); Anthomyiidae: Delia platura fq (Rb, Cmp, Mtt); Fanniidae: Fannia manicata (Rb); Scathophagidae: Scathophaga furcata (Rb); Sepsidae: Sepsis violacea (Rb); Piophilidae: Prochyliza xanthostoma (Rb)
Butterflies
Nymphalidae: Phyciodes tharos (Rb), Vanessa atalanta (Rb); Lycaenidae: Celastrina argiolus (Cmp), Everes comyntas (Rb); Papilionidae: Papilio marcellus (Rb); Pieridae: Colias philodice (Rb), Euchloe olympia (Cmp, Mtt), Pieris rapae (Rb), Pontia protodice (Rb)
Skippers
Hesperiidae: Unidentified sp. (Cmp), Erynnis icelus (Rb), Erynnis juvenalis (Rb)
Beetles
Coccinellidae: Coleomegilla maculata fp np (Rb)