Relationships of
Vertebrate Animals
to this Plant:
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Bidens spp. (Tickseed Sunflower, Beggar's Ticks) [Asteraceae]
(observations are from Schwartz, Ernst et al., Lagler, Martin et al., Romain et al., and Havera)
Birds
Anatidae: Anas platyrhynchos (Mallard) [feeds on seeds in Illinois] Hv1999; Emberizidae: Melospiza georgiana (Swamp Sparrow) [seeds comprise 0.5-2% of the diet in NE USA] MZN1951; Fringillidae: Haemorhous purpureus (Purple Finch) [seeds comprise 0.5-2% of the diet in E USA] MZN1951; Phasianidae: Tympanuchus cupido (Greater Prairie Chicken) [seeds & petals eaten during fall for 1 month] Swz1945
Mammals
Ursidae: Ursus americanus (American Black Bear) [seeds found in scats 1% of the time in Ontario] ROA2013
Turtles
Chelydridae: Chelydra serpentina (Snapping Turtle) [feeds on these plants] Lg1943; Emydidae: Chrysemys picta (Painted Turtle) [feeds on these plants] EBL1994 Lg1943, Emydoidea blandingii (Blanding's Turtle) [feeds on the seeds] Lg1943