Relationships of
Vertebrate Animals
to this Plant:
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Nuphar spp. (Spatterdock, Pond-lily) [Nymphaeaceae]
(these observations are from Martin et al., Ernst et al., and Bellrose)
Birds
Anatidae: Aix sponsa (Wood Duck) [these plants comprise 2-5% of the diet in the Northeast during summer; these plants comprise 2-5% of the diet in New York during summer] MZN1951, Anas rubripes (Black Duck) [feeds on seeds] Blr1942, Aythya affinis (Lesser Scaup) [feeds on seeds] Blr1942, Aythya collaris (Ring-necked Duck) [feeds on seeds] Blr1942, Bucephala clangula (Common Goldeneye) [feeds on seeds] Blr1942, Cygnus buccinator (Trumpeter Swan) [feeds on seeds] Blr1942; Rallidae: Rallus limicola (Virginia Rail) [seeds comprise 0.5–2% of the diet in the Northeast] MZN1951
Mammals
Castoridae: Castor canadensis (American Beaver) [these plants comprise 5-10% of the diet in NE USA] MZN1951; Erethizontidae: Erethizon dorsatum (North American Porcupine) [these plants comprise 5-10% of the diet in NE USA] MZN1951
Turtles
Chelydridae: Chelydra serpentina (Snapping Turtle) [feeds on these plants] EBL1994; Emydidae: Chrysemys picta (Painted Turtle) [feeds on these plants] EBL1994; Kinosternidae: Sternotherus odoratus (Stinkpot) [feeds on these plants] EBL1994