Relationships of
Vertebrate Animals
to this Plant:
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Prunus serotina (Wild Black Cherry) [Rosaceae]
(observations are from Hamilton, Martin et al., Schorger, Beeman & Pelton, Sotala & Kirkpatrick, Bennetts, DeGraaf, Johnson et al., Shimp & Shimp, Yeatter, DeVore et al., and Beal)
Birds
Anatidae: Anas platyrhynchos (Mallard) [feeds on the fruits] DGr2002; Bombycillidae: Bombycilla cedrorum (Cedar Waxwing) [feeds on the fruits as a preferred source of food] DGr2002; Cardinalidae: Cardinalis cardinalis (Northern Cardinal) [feeds on the fruits as a preferred source of food] DGr2002, Pheucticus ludovicianus (Rose-breasted Grosbeak) [feeds on the fruits as a preferred source of food] DGr2002, Piranga olivacea (Scarlet Tanager) [feeds on the fruits] DGr2002, Piranga rubra (Summer Tanager) feeds on the fruits as a preferred source of food] DGr2002; Columbidae: Ectopistes migratorius (Passenger Pigeon) [fruits from this & other cherry tree species were an important source of food] Sch1955; Corvidae: Corvus brachyrhynchos (American Crow) [feeds on the fruits as a preferred source of food] DGr2002, Cyanocitta cristata (Blue Jay) [feeds on the fruits as a preferred source of food] DGr2002; Emberizidae: Melospiza melodia (Song Sparrow) [feeds on the fruits] DGr2002, Pipilo erythrophthalmus (Eastern Towhee) [fruits comprise 0.5-2% of the diet in NE USA, feeds on the fruits] MZN1951 DGr2002, Zonotrichia albicollis (White-throated Sparrow) [feeds on the fruits] DGr2002, Zonotrichia leucophrys (White-crowned Sparrow) [feeds on the fruits] DGr2002; Fringillidae: Coccothraustes vespertinus (Evening Grosbeak) [feeds on the fruits as a preferred source of food] DGr2002, Pinicola enucleator (Pine Grosbeak) [feeds on the fruits] DGr2002, Spinus tristis (American Goldfinch) [feeds on the fruits] DGr2002; Icteridae: Agelaius phoeniceus (Red-winged Blackbird) [feeds on the fruits] DGr2002, Icterus galbula (Baltimore Oriole) [feeds on the fruits as a preferred source of food & uses this tree for protective cover & nesting habitat] DGr2002, Icterus spurius (Orchard Oriole) [feeds on the fruits as a preferred source of food & uses this tree for protective cover & nest sites] DGr2002, Quiscalus quiscula (Common Grackle) [feeds on the fruits] DGr2002; Mimidae: Dumetella carolinensis (Gray Catbird) [feeds on the fruits as a preferred source of food] DGr2002, Mimus polyglottos (Northern Mockingbird) [feeds on the fruits as a preferred source of food] DGr2002, Toxostoma rufum (Brown Thrasher) [feeds on the fruits as a preferred source of food] DGr2002; Odontophoridae: Colinus virginianus (Bobwhite Quail) [feeds on the fruits as a preferred source of food] DGr2002; Phasianidae: Bonasa umbellus (Ruffed Grouse) [fruits & buds comprise 2-5% of the diet in Pennsylvania during fall, feeds on fruits in Wisconsin & Ontario during fall & winter, feeds on the fruits as a preferred source of food] MZN1951 Bnn1900 DGr2002, Meleagris gallopavo (Wild Turkey) [feeds on the fruits] DGr2002, Phasianus colchicus (Ring-necked Pheasant) [feeds on the fruits as a preferred source of food] DGr2002, Tympanuchus cupido (Greater Prairie Chicken) [fruits & buds comprise 2-5% of the diet in SE Illinois during summer, fruits comprise 2% of the diet for adults while fruits & pits comprise 6.1% of the diet of juveniles in Illinois] MZN1951 Yt1943; Picidae: Colaptes auratus (Northern Flicker) [feeds on the fruits as a preferred source of food] DGr2002, Dryocopus pileatus (Pileated Woodpecker) [feeds on the fruits] DGr2002, Melanerpes carolinus (Red-bellied Woodpecker) [feeds on the fruits as a preferred source of food] DGr2002, Melanerpes erythrocephalus (Red-headed Woodpecker) [feeds on the fruits as a preferred source of food] DGr2002, Picoides pubescens (Downy Woodpecker) [feeds on the fruits] DGr2002, Picoides villosus (Hairy Woodpecker) [feeds on the fruits] DGr2002, Sphyrapicus varius (Yellow-bellied Sapsucker) [feeds on the fruits as a preferred source of food & feeds on tree sap] DGr2002; Sturnidae: Sturnus vulgaris (European Starling) feeds on the fruits as a preferred source of food] DGr2002; Turdidae: Catharus fuscescens (Veery) [feeds on the fruits as a preferred source of food, 0.6% of bird stomachs contained fruits from this tree] DGr2002 Be1915b, Catharus guttatus (Hermit Thrush) [feeds on the fruits as a preferred source of food, 0.55% of bird stomachs contained fruits from this tree] DGr2002 Be1915b, Catharus minimus (Grey-cheeked Thrush) [feeds on the fruits, 4.5% of bird stomachs contained fruits from this tree] DGr2002 Be1915b, Catharus ustulatus (Swainson's Thrush) feeds on the fruits as a preferred source of food, 3.7% of bird stomachs contained fruits from this tree] DGr2002 Be1915b, Hylocichla mustelina (Wood Thrush) [feeds on the fruits as a preferred source of food, feeds on the fruits, 0.6% of bird stomachs contained fruits from this tree] DGr2002 Dv2004 Be1915b, Sialia sialis (Eastern Bluebird) [feeds on the fruits as a preferred source of food, the fruits are eaten occasionally] DGr2002 Be1915, Turdus migratorius (American Robin) [feeds on the fruits as a preferred source of food & uses this tree for nest sites, feeds on the fruits, the fruits are eaten frequently] DGr2002 Dv2004 Be1915; Tyrannidae: Myiarchus crinitus (Great Crested Flycatcher) [feeds on the fruits] DGr2002, Tyrannus tyrannus (Eastern Kingbird) [feeds on the fruits as a preferred source of food & uses this tree for nest sites] DGr2002; Vireonidae: Vireo gilvus (Warbling Vireo) [feeds on the fruits as a preferred source of food] DGr2002, Vireo olivaceus (Red-eyed Vireo) [feeds on the fruits as a preferred source of food] DGr2002
Mammals
Canidae: Urocyon cineroargenteus (Gray Fox) [fruits comprise 0.5-2% of the diet in NE USA] MZN1951, Vulpes vulpes fulvus (American Red Fox) [fruits comprise 2-5% of the diet in E USA during fall] MZN1951; Cervidae: Odocoileus virginianus (White-tailed Deer) [the leaves & twigs have moderate importance as a food source] SK1973; Cricetidae: Peromyscus leucopus (White-footed Mouse) [eats fruits and/or seeds] Hm1941, Peromyscus maniculatus (Deer Mouse) [eats fruits and/or seeds] Hm1941; Ursidae: Ursus americanus (American Black Bear) [feeds on fruits to a major extent] BP1980; Vespertilionidae: Lasiurus cinereus (Hoary Bat) [uses the foliage of this tree for roost sites] SS1982, Myotis septentrionalis (Northern Long-eared Bat) [Wild Black Cherry provides 4–4.5% of the roost trees for maternal colonies in central Appalachia & this tree has above-average preference for this purpose] Jhn2009