Relationships of
Vertebrate Animals
to this Plant:
____________
Quercus imbricaria (Shingle Oak) [Fagaceae]
(observations are from Best and Belthoff & Ritchison)
Birds
Emberizidae: Spizella pusilla (Field Sparrow) [4.7% of nests were supported by saplings of this tree in Illinois] Bst1978; Strigidae: Megascops asio (Eastern Screech Owl) [this tree provided 1.0% of the roost sites for young owls in Kentucky & it had average preference for this purpose] BR1990