Relationships of
Vertebrate Animals
to this Plant:
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Ribes cynosbati (Prickly Gooseberry) [Grossulariaceae]
(observations are from DeGraaf, Noyce & Coy, and Bielefeldt & Rosenfeld)
Birds
Bombycillidae: Bombycilla cedrorum (Cedar Waxwing) [the fruits are a preferred source of food] DGr2002; Columbidae: Zenaida macroura (Mourning Dove) [feeds on fruits] DGr2002; Emberizidae: Melospiza melodia (Song Sparrow) [feeds on fruits & uses this shrub for protective cover & nesting habitat] DGr2002, Pipilo erythrophthalmus (Eastern Towhee) [feeds on fruits & uses this shrub for protective cover] DGr2002; Mimidae: Dumetella carolinensis (Gray Catbird) [fruits are a preferred source of food & uses this shrub for protective cover & nesting habitat] DGr2002, Mimus polyglottos (Northern Mockingbird) [fruits are a preferred source of food & uses this shrub for protective cover & nesting habitat] DGr2002, Toxostoma rufum (Brown Thrasher [the fruits are a preferred source of food] DGr2002; Odontophoridae: Colinus virginianus (Bobwhite Quail) [feeds on fruits & uses this shrub for protective cover] DGr2002; Parulidae: Setophaga citrina (Hooded Warbler) [this woody plant was used as a support for 11.3% of all nests in Wisconsin] BfRf2001; Phasianidae: Bonasa umbellus (Ruffed Grouse) [feeds on fruits & uses this shrub for protective cover] DGr2002, Meleagris gallopavo (Wild Turkey) [feeds on fruits] DGr2002, Phasianus colchicus (Ring-necked Pheasant) [feeds on fruits & uses this shrub for protective cover] DGr2002; Picidae: Colaptes auratus (Northern Flicker) [feeds on fruits] DGr2002; Turdidae: Catharus guttatus (Hermit Thrush) [feeds on fruits & uses this shrub for protective cover] DGr2002, Sialia sialis (Eastern Bluebird) [the fruits are a preferred source of food] DGr2002, Turdus migratorius (American Robin) [fruits are a preferred source of food & uses this shrub for protective cover & nesting habitat] DGr2002
Mammals
Ursidae: Ursus americanus (American Black Bear) [feeds on the fruits in Minnesota] NC1990