Relationships of
Vertebrate Animals
to this Plant:
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Scirpus spp. (Bulrush) [Cyperaceae]
(observations are from Schwartz, Martin et al., Lagler, Romain et al., Bellrose, and DeVore et al.; some species formerly assigned to this genus have been reassigned to Bolboschoenus, Schoenoplectus, Hemicarpha, Isolepis, and Trichophorum)
Birds
Anatidae: Anas acuta (Northern Pintail) [these plants comprise 10-25% of the diet in the Northeast during summer & fall & winter, feeds on seeds] MZN1951 Blr1942, Anas americana (American Wigeon) [these plants comprise 5-10% of the diet in the Northeast during the spring & fall] MZN1951, Anas clypeata (Northern Shoveler) [these plants comprise 10-25% of the diet in the Southeast during winter, feeds on seeds] MZN1951 Blr1942, Anas crecca carolinensis (Green-winged Teal) [these plants comprise 10-25% of the diet in the Northeast during spring & autumn, feeds on seeds] MZN1951 Blr1942, Anas discors (Blue-winged Teal) [these plants comprise 5-10% of the diet in the Northeast throughout the year, feeds on seeds] MZN1951 Blr1942, Anas platyrhynchos (Mallard) [the seeds & seedheads comprise 0.5-2% of the diet in the Northeast, feeds on seeds] MZN1951 Blr1942, Anas rubripes (Black Duck) [feeds on seeds] Blr1942, Anas strepera (Gadwall) [these plants comprise 10-25% of the diet in the Southeast during winter] MZN1951, Aythya affinis (Lesser Scaup) [these plants comprise 2-5% of the diet in the Northeast during fall & winter & spring, feeds on seeds] MZN1951 Blr1942, Aythya americana (Redhead) [these plants comprise 5-10% of the diet in the Northeast during fall & winter & spring, feeds on seeds] MZN1951 Blr1942, Aythya collaris (Ring-necked Duck) [these plants comprise 2-5% of the diet in the Northeast during fall & winter, both adults & ducklings feed on seeds] MZN1951 Blr1942, Aythya marila (Greater Scaup) [these plants comprise 0.5-2% of the diet in the Northeast] MZN1951, Aythya valisineria (Canvasback) [these plants comprise 0.5-2% of the diet in the Northeast, feeds on the seeds] MZN1951 Blr1942 Dv2004, Bucephala albeola (Bufflehead) [these plants comprise 0.5-2% of the diet in the Northeast, feeds on seeds] MZN1951 Blr1942, Bucephala clangula (Common Goldeneye) [feeds on plants] Blr1942, Cygnus buccinator (Trumpeter Swan) [foliage comprises 2-5% of the diet during summer] MZN1951, Oxyura jamaicensis (Ruddy Duck) [these plants comprise 5-10% of the diet in the East during fall & winter & spring, feeds on the seeds] MZN1951 Blr1942 Dv2004; Calcaridae: Calcarius pictus (Smith's Longspur) [seeds comprise 0.5-2% of the diet in Illinois during spring] MZN1951, Plectrophenax nivalis (Snow Bunting) [seeds comprise 0.5-2% of the diet in NE USA] MZN1951; Emberizidae: Melospiza melodia (Song Sparrow) [seeds comprise 0.5-2% of the diet in NE USA] MZN1951; Phasianidae: Tympanuchus cupido (Greater Prairie Chicken) [seeds & seedheads eaten during spring for 1 month] Swz1945; Rallidae: Coturnicops noveboracensis (Yellow Rail) [seeds comprise 0.5-2% of the diet in the East] MZN1951, Fulica americana (Common Coot) [these plants comprise 10-25% of the diet in the Northeast during fall, winter, & spring] MZN1951, Porzana carolina (Sora) [seeds comprise 5-10% of the diet in the Northeast during summer, fall, & spring] MZN1951, Rallus limicola (Virginia Rail) [seeds comprise 2-5% of the diet in the Northeast during summer, fall, & spring] MZN1951; Recurvirostridae: Recurvirostra americana (American Avocet) [seeds comprise 0.5-2% of the diet in the West] MZN1951; Scolopacidae: Calidris canutus rufa (Red Knot) [seeds comprise 0.5-2% of the diet in the Northeast] MZN1951, Calidris himantopus (Stilt Sandpiper) [seeds comprise 0.5-2% of the diet in the East] MZN1951, Calidris melanotos (Pectoral Sandpiper) [seeds comprise 0.5-2% of the diet in the United States] MZN1951, Gallinago delicata (Wilson's Snipe) [seeds comprise 2-5% of the diet in the Northeast throughout the year] MZN1951, Limnodromus griseus (Short-billed Dowitcher) [seeds comprise 0.5-2% of the diet in the East] MZN1951, Limnodromus scolopaceus (Long-billed Dowitcher) [feeds on the seeds] Dv2004, Limosa haemastica (Hudsonian Godwit) [seeds comprise 10-25% of the diet in northern USA and Canada during the fall] MZN1951
Mammals
Cricetidae: Microtus ochrogaster (Prairie Vole) [feeds on these plants] MZN1951, Microtus pennsylvanicus (Meadow Vole) [feeds on these plants] MZN1951, Ondatra zibethicus (Muskrat) [these plants comprise 10-25% of the diet in NE USA] MZN1951; Ursidae: Ursus americanus (American Black Bear) [foliage of these sedges has lesser importance to the diet in Ontario] ROA2013
Turtles
Chelydridae: Chelydra serpentina (Snapping Turtle) [feeds on these plants] Lg1943