Relationships of
Vertebrate Animals
to this Plant:
____________
Smilax glauca (Glaucous-leaved Greenbrier) [Smilacaceae]
(observations are from DeGraaf and Beal)
Birds
Bombycillidae: Bombycilla cedrorum (Cedar Waxwing) [feeds on fruits] DGr2002; Cardinalidae: Cardinalis cardinalis (Northern Cardinal) [the fruits are a source of food & this woody vine is used for protective cover & nesting habitat] DGr2002; Corvidae: Corvus brachyrhynchos (American Crow) [feeds on fruits] DGr2002 Corvus ossigragus (Fish Crow) [feeds on fruits] DGr2002; Emberizidae: Passerella iliaca (Fox Sparrow) [feeds on fruits and uses this woody vine for protective cover] DGr2002, Zonotrichia albicollis (White-throated Sparrow) [feeds on fruits & uses this woody vine for protective cover] DGr2002; Mimidae: Dumetella carolinensis (Gray Catbird) [the fruits are preferred as a source of food & this woody vine is used for protective cover & nesting habitat] DGr2002, Mimus polyglottos (Northern Mockingbird) [the fruits are preferred as a source of food & this woody vine is used for protective cover & nesting habitat] DGr2002, Toxostoma rufum (Brown Thrasher) [the fruits are a source of food & this woody vine is used for protective cover & nesting habitat] DGr2002; Phasianidae: Bonasa umbellus (Ruffed Grouse) [the fruits are preferred as a source of food & this woody vine is used for prtoective cover] DGr2002, Meleagris gallopavo (Wild Turkey) [the fruits are preferred as a source of food & this woody vine is used for prtoective cover] DGr2002, Phasianus colchicus (Ring-necked Pheasant) [feeds on the fruits & uses this woody vine for protective cover] DGr2002; Picidae: Colaptes auratus (Northern Flicker) [feeds on fruits] DGr2002, Dryocopus pileatus (Pileated Woodpecker) [feeds on fruits] DGr2002, Melanerpes carolinus (Red-bellied Woodpecker) [feeds on fruits] DGr2002; Turdidae: Catharus guttatus (Hermit Thrush) [the fruits are a source of food & this woody vine is used for protective cover] DGr2002, Catharus minimus (Gray-cheeked Thrush) [the fruits are a source of food & this woody vine is used for protective cover] DGr2002, Catharus ustulatus (Swainson's Thrush) [the fruits are preferred as a source of food & this woody vine is used for protective cover] DGr2002, Turdus migratorius (American Robin) [the fruits are preferred as a source of food, the fruits are eaten rarely] DGr2002 Be1915