Relationships of
Vertebrate Animals
to this Plant:
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Symphoricarpos orbiculatus (Coralberry) [Caprifoliaceae]
(observations are from Schwartz, Sotala & Kirkpatrick, Martin et al., DeGraaf, and Beal)
Birds
Bombycillidae: Bombycilla cedrorum (Cedar Waxwing) [feeds on fruits] DGr2002; Cardinalidae: Cardinalis cardinalis (Northern Cardinal) [feeds on fruits & uses this shrub for protective cover] DGr2002; Fringillidae: Coccothraustes vespertinus (Evening Grosbeak) [prefers the fruits as a source of food & uses this shrub for protective cover] DGr2002 Haemorhous purpureus (Purple Finch) [feeds on the fruits & uses this shrub for protective cover] DGr2002 Pinicola enucleator (Pine Grosbeak) [prefers the fruits as a source of food & uses this shrub as a source of food] DGr2002; Mimidae: Toxostoma rufum (Brown Thrasher) [feeds on fruits] DGr2002; Odontophoridae: Colinus virginianus (Bobwhite Quail) [feeds on fruits & uses this shrub for protective cover] DGr2002; Phasianidae: Bonasa umbellus (Ruffed Grouse) [feeds on fruits & uses this shrub for protective cover] DGr2002, Meleagris gallopavo (Wild Turkey) [feeds on fruits & uses this shrub for protective cover] DGr2002, Phasianus colchicus (Ring-necked Pheasant) [prefers the fruits as a source of food & uses this shrub for protective cover] DGr2002, Tympanuchus cupido (Greater Prairie Chicken) [fruits eaten during fall & winter & early spring for 5 months] Swz1945; Trochilidae: Archilochus colubris (Ruby-throated Hummingbird) [feeds on the nectar of flowers] DGr2002; Turdidae: Catharus guttatus (Hermit Thrush) [feeds on fruits & uses this shrub for protective cover, 0.2% of bird stomachs contained fruits from this shrub] DGr2002 Be1915b, Hylocichla mustelina (Wood Thrush) [feeds on fruits & uses this shrub for protective cover] DGr2002, Turdus migratorius (American Robin) [prefers the fruits as a source of food] DGr2002; Vireonidae: Vireo gilvus (Warbling Vireo) [feeds on fruits] DGr2002
Mammals
Cervidae: Odocoileus virginianus (White-tailed Deer) [the fruits & twigs have moderate importance as a food source, foliage & twigs & fruits comprise 10-25% of the diet during fall & winter] SK1973 MZN1951