Relationships of
Vertebrate Animals
to this Plant:
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Taxus canadensis (Canada Yew) [Taxaceae]
(observations are from Hamilton, Martin et al., DeGraaf, and Beal)
Birds
Emberizidae: Melospiza melodia (Song Sparrow) [feeds on fruits & uses this shrub for protective cover & nesting habitat] DGr2002, Spizella passerina (Chipping Sparrow) [feeds on fruits & uses this shrub for protective cover & nesting habitat] DGr2002, Zonotrichia albicollis (White-throated Sparrow) [feeds on fruits & uses this shrub for protective cover] DGr2002; Mimidae: Mimus polyglottos (Northern Mockingbird) [feeds on fruits & uses this shrub for protective cover & nesting habitat] DGr2002; Phasianidae: Bonasa umbellus (Ruffed Grouse) [feeds on fruits & uses this shrub for protective cover] DGr2002; Turdidae: Catharus fuscescens (Veery) [0.6% of bird stomachs contained fruits from this shrub] Be1915b, Hylocichla mustelina (Wood Thrush) [feeds on fruits & uses this shrub for protective cover, 0.6% of bird stomachs contained fruits from this shrub] DGr2002 Be1915b, Turdus migratorius (American Robin) [feeds on fruits & uses this shrub for protective cover & nesting habitat] DGr2002
Mammals
Cervidae: Alces americanus (American Moose) [foliage & twigs of this shrub comprises 2-5% of the diet in Isle Royale of Michigan] MZN1951; Cricetidae: Peromyscus leucopus (White-footed Mouse) [eats fruits and/or seeds] Hm1941, Peromyscus maniculatus (Deer Mouse) [eats fruits and/or seeds] Hm1941