Relationships of
Vertebrate Animals
to this Plant:
____________
Vitis aestivalis (Summer Grape) [Vitaceae]
(observations are from Schorger and Beal)
Birds
Columbidae: Ectopistes migratorius (Passenger Pigeon) [fruits of this & other grape species often used as a source of food] Sch1955; Turdidae: Turdus migratorius (American Robin) [the fruits are eaten rarely] Be1915