Insects Feeding
on these Plants:
____________
Carya spp. (Hickory) [Juglandaceae]
(Observations are from Funkhouser, Dmitriev & Dietrich, Clark et al., Microleps website, Knight, Hottes & Frison, Yanega, Bouseman & Sternburg, Wagner, Rider, Marshall, Covell, MacRae, Arment, Needham et al., Aldrich & Osten-Sacken, Smith, Blackman & Eastop, Wheeler et al., Watson, Gibson, Hamilton, Opler & Krizek, Miller, Pepper, Majka et al., Gangwere, Ford & Jackman, Cranshaw, ScaleNet, Nakahara)
Coleoptera (Beetles)
Buprestidae: Anthaxia viridifrons Mcr1991, Brachys aerosus [leaf-miner] Ndm1928, Chrysobothris adelpha [larvae bore through dead branches] Mcr1991; Cerambycidae: Anelaphus pumilus Ya1996, Anelaphus villosus (Hickory Twig Pruner) [larvae bore through live twigs] Ya1996, Batyle suturale suturale [larvae bore through small dead twigs] Ya1996, Brachyleptura rubrica Ya1996, Callimoxys sanguinicollis sanguinicollis Ya1996, Cyrtophorus verrucosum [larvae bore through wood of dead trees] Ya1996, Enaphalodes atomarius [larvae bore through wood of dead trees & stumps] Ya1996, Euderces picipes [larvae bore underneath bark] Ya1996, Goes debilis (Oak Branch Borer) [larvae bore through heartwood of living trees] Ya1996, Goes pulcher [larvae bore through heartwood of living trees] Ya1996, Graphisurus despectus Ya1996, Heterachthes pallidus Ya1996, Knulliana cincta cincta (Banded Hickory Borer) [larvae bore through dry dead branches] Ya1996, Lepturges confluens Msh2006 Ya1996, Maculurges regularis [larvae bore through branches] Ya1996, Leptorhabdium pictus Ya1996, Megacyllene caryae (Painted Hickory Borer) [larvae bore through wood of newly dead trees] Ya1996 Crw2004, Neoclytus caprea (Banded Ash Borer) [larvae bore through sapwood] Ya1996, Neoclytus jouteli jouteli Ya1996, Neoclytus mucronatum mucronatum [larvae bore through wood of dead & dying trees] Ya1996, Neoclytus scutellare [larvae bore through sapwood] Ya1996, Obrium maculata Ya1996, Oncideres cingulata cingulata (The Twig Girdler) Ya1996, Oplosia nubilus [larvae bore under bark of decaying trees] Ya1996, Parandra polita [larvae bore through dead wood] Ya1996, Parelaphidion aspersum [larvae bore through outer bark] Ya1996, Penichroa fasciatum [larvae bore through dead & dying twigs] Ya1996, Phymatodes testaceus (Tanbark Borer) [larvae live inside & under bark] Ya1996, Phymatodes varium [larvae live under bark] Ya1996, Psyrassa unicolor (The Branch Pruner) [girdles twigs] Ya1996, Purpuricenus axillaris (White Oak Branch Girdler) Ya1996, Saperda discoidea (Hickory Saperda) [larvae bore through wood of dead & dying trees] Msh2006 Ya1996, Saperda imitans Ya1996, Saperda lateralis (Red-Edged Saperda) [larvae bore through wood of dead trees] Ya1996, Smodicum cucujiforme [larvae bore through dry heartwood] Ya1996, Stenocorus cylindricollis Ya1996, Stenosphenus notatus [larvae bore through dead branches] Ya1996, Sternidius misellus Ya1996, Strophiona nitens (Chestnut Bark Borer) [larvae bore through bark of dead & living trees] Ya1996, Styloleptus biustus Ya1996, Tessaropa tenuipes [larvae bore through small dead branches] Ya1996, Tilloclytus geminatus [larvae bore through dead branches] Ya1996, Trigonarthris proxima Ya1996, Typocerus velutinus velutinus Ya1996, Xylotrechus colonum (Rustic Borer) [larvae live insider & under bark] Ya1996; Chrysomelidae: Cryptocephalus guttulatus Clk2004, Xanthonia striata Clk2004; Curculionidae: Conotrachelus aratus (Hickory Shoot Curculio) [feeds on new shoots] Crw2004, Conotrachelus hicoriae (Hickory Nut Curculio) [feeds on nuts] Crw2004, Conotrachelus posticatus [polyphagous; this insect is found in E & central USA, & SE Canada] MAM2007, Curculio caryae [feeds on nuts] Gib1985, Stenoscelis brevis [polyphagous; larvae are found under bark; this insect is widely distributed] MAM2007; Mordellidae: Mordella marginata [larvae found in bark or wood] FJ1996; Scolytidae: Scolytus quadrispinosus (Hickory Bark Beetle) Crw2004, Xyloterinus politus [this insect is found in NE & north-central USA, & Canada] MAM2007
Diptera (Flies)
Cecidomyiidae: Caryomyia caryaecola (Hickory Onion Gall Midge) [larvae form galls on leaves that are shaped like tiny onion bulbs] AOS1905, Caryomyia cynipsea [larvae form midrib galls on leaves] AOS1905, Caryomyia holotricha [larvae form small galls on leaflet undersides that are red and hairy] AOS1905, Caryomyia persicoides [larvae form round galls on leaflet undersides that are pale yellow to orange and hairy] AOS1905, Caryomyia sanguinolenta (Hickory Smooth Gumdrop Gall Midge) [larvae form conical galls on leaflet undersides] AOS1905, Caryomyia tubicola (Hickory Bullet Gall Midge) [larvae form bullet-shaped galls on leaflet undersides] AOS1905, Contarinia nucicola [larvae live in husks of nuts] AOS1905, Gliaspilota glutinosa (Hickory Sticky Leaf Spot Midge) AOS1905, Lestodiplosis cossae AOS1905, Parallelodiplosis caryae [larvae form galls on leaves] AOS1905
Heteroptera (True Bugs)
Miridae: Ceratocapsus fasciatus Kn1941 Wat1928, Deraeocoris quercicola WHM1983, Lygocoris caryae (Hickory Plant Bug) Wat1928, Orthotylus ramus Kn1941, Paraproba capitata WHM1983, Phytocoris caryae Kn1941, Phytocoris confluens WHM1983, Phytocoris infuscatus Kn1941 WHM1983, Phytocoris onustus Kn1941, Phytocoris venustus WHM1983, Plagiognathus dispar Kn1941 WHM1983; Pentatomidae: Brochymena quadripustulata (Four-Humped Stink Bug) [polyphagous] Rid2009; Tingidae: Physatocheila plexa Msh2006
Homoptera (Sucking Insects)
Aetalionidae: Microcentrus caryae Fnk1917, Msh2006; Aphididae: Longistigma caryae (Giant Bark Aphid) [found on bark, polyphagous] BE2013, Melanocallis caryaefoliae (Black Pecan Aphid) [found on leaves, observed in southern Illinois] BE2013 Pp1965 Crw2004, Monellia caryella (Black-margined Pecan Aphid) [found on leaves; prefers Carya illinoinensis & Carya cordiformis] HF1931 BE2013 Pp1965 Crw2004, Monellia medina [found in Ohio & Maryland] BE2013, Monellia microsetosa (Pignut Hickory Aphid) [found on leaves; distributed in E USA & Canada, from Quebec to Florida] BE2013, Monelliopsis bisselli [found on leaf undersides; observed in Pennsylvania, Maryland, & Georgia] BE2013, Monelliopsis caryae (American Walnut Aphid) HF1931 Pp1965, Monelliopsis nigropunctata (Yellow Hickory Aphid) [found on leaves] HF1931 BE2013 Pp1965, Monelliopsis pleurialis [found on leaflet undersides, distributed in E USA & Ontario] BE2013, Myzocallis discolor HF1931, Myzocallis punctatus HF1931, Myzocallis walshii HF1931, Protopterocallis fumipennella [found on leaflet undersides; distributed in E USA & Canada, including Illinois] HF1931 BE2013, Protopterocallis gigantea [found on leaflet undersides; observed in Maryland, Georgia, & Washington, D.C.] BE2013, Protopterocallis quadrata [found on leaflet undersides; observed in Pennsylvania, Georgia, & Washington, D.C.] BE2013, Tuberculatus punctatellus HF1931; Cercopidae: Clastoptera achatina (Pecan Spittlebug) Hm1982; Cicadellidae: Eratoneura anseri DD2010, Eratoneura bigemina DD2010, Eratoneura era DD2010, Eratoneura osborni DD2010, Eratoneura parvipes DD2010, Eratoneura penesica DD2010, Eratoneura stoveri DD2010, Eratoneura turgida DD2010, Erythridula eluta [polyphagous] DD2010, Erythridula minuta [polyphagous] DD2010; Diaspididae: Chionaspis caryae (Hickory Scurfy Scale) [causes deformation of branches & twigs on young trees; this insect is found in NE & north-central USA] SN2014, Diaspidiotus ancylis (Putnam Scale) [found on leaves, sometimes bark, polyphagous; this insect is widely distributed in the USA] SN2014, Diaspidiotus caryae (Hickory Scale) [found on twigs; this insect occurs in Ohio & Georgia] SN2014, Diaspidiotus uvae (Grape Scale) [found on bark, polyphagous, although Vitis spp. are preferred hosts; this insect occurs in E USA] SN2014, Melanaspis obscura (Obscure Scale) [found on bark; this insect occurs in E USA & California] SN2014; Membracidae: Carynota mera Fnk1917, Cyrtolobus tuberosa Fnk1917, Stictocephala palmeri Fnk1917, Telamona unicolor [nymphs were observed] Fnk1917; Phylloxeridae: Phylloxera caryaevenae [forms galls with elongated folds along leaflet undersides & corresponding ridges above; distributed in E USA, including New York, Illinois, & Missouri] BE2013, Phylloxera symmetrica [forms variable galls on leaflets, found in the vicinity of Washington, D.C.] BE2013; Pseudococcidae: Heliococcus osborni (Osborn Mealybug) [polyphagous, mostly found on woody vegetation] SN2014, Pseudococcus maritimus (Grape Mealybug) [found on foliage, polyphagous; this insect is widely distributed] SN2014
Hymenoptera (Bees, Wasps, & Sawflies)
Pergidae: Acordulecera dorsalis [larvae are leaf-skeletonizers] Sm2006; Siricidae: Tremex columba (Pigeon Tremex) [larvae bore into wood, polyphagous] Sm2006; Tenthredinidae: Macrophya cassandra [larvae feed on foliage] Sm2006, Macrophya nigristigma [larvae feed on foliage] Sm2006, Periclista marginicollis [larvae feed on foliage] Sm2006; Xyelidae: Megaxyela major [larvae feed on leaves] Sm2006
Lepidoptera (Butterflies, Skippers, & Moths)
Arctiidae: Halysidota tessellaris (Banded Tussock Moth) [polyphagous] Cv2005, Hyphantria cunea (Fall Webworm) [polyphagous] Cv2005, Lophocampa caryae (Hickory Tussock Moth) [polyphagous] Cv2005 Wg2005; Bucculatricidae: Philonome clemensella Mic2010; Coleophoridae: Coleophora atromarginata Cv2005; Geometridae: Anacamptodes humaria (Small Purplish Gray) [polyphagous] Cv2005, Xanthotype sospeta (Crocus Geometer) [polyphagous] Cv2005; Gracillariidae: Cameraria caryaefoliella [larvae are blotch leaf-miners] Mic2010, Cameraria eppelsheimii [larvae are leaf-miners] Ndm1928, Phyllonorycter caryaealbella [larvae are tentiform leaf-miners] Mic2010, Phyllonorycter olivaeformis [larvae are tentiform leaf-miners] Mic2010; Limacodidae: Apoda biguttata [polyphagous, found in southern IL] Cv2005 Msh2006, Apoda y-inversum [polyphagous] Cv2005, Natada nasoni (Nason's Slug Moth) [polyphagous, found in southern IL] Cv2005, Parasa indetermina (Stinging Rose Caterpillar) [polyphagous, found in southern IL] Cv2005, Phobetron pithecium (Hag Moth) [polyphagous] Cv2005, Tortricidia flexuosa [polyphagous, found in southern IL] Cv2005; Lycaenidae: Satyrium calanus falacer (Banded Hairstreak) [larvae feed on catkins & young leaves] BS2001 Wg2005 OK1984, Satyrium caryaevorum (Hickory Hairstreak) [preferred host plants] BS2001 OK1984; Noctuidae: Acronicta americana (American Dagger Moth) [polyphagous] Cv2005, Acronicta laetifica (Pleasant Dagger Moth) [found in southern IL] Cv2005, Acronicta lithospila (Streaked Dagger Moth) Cv2005, Allotria elonympha (False Underwing) [found in southern IL] Cv2005, Catocala angusi (Angus' Underwing) Cv2005, Catocala consors (The Consort) Cv2005, Catocala dejecta (Dejected Underwing) Cv2005, Catocala epione (Epione Underwing) Cv2005, Catocala flebilis (Mourning Underwing) Cv2005, Catocala habilis (Habilis Underwing) Cv2005, Catocala insolabilis (Inconsolable Underwing) [prefers Carya spp. related to Carya glabra] Cv2005 Wg2005, Catocala judith (Judith's Underwing) Cv2005, Catocala lacrymosa (Tearful Underwing) Cv2005, Catocala maestosa (Sad Underwing) Cv2005, Catocala neogama (The Bride) Cv2005, Catocala obscura (Obscure Underwing) Cv2005, Catocala paleogama (Old Wife Underwing) Cv2005, Catocala piatrix (The Penitent) Cv2005, Catocala residua (Residua Underwing) Cv2005, Catocala retecta (Yellow-Gray Underwing) Cv2005, Catocala ulalume (Ulalume Underwing) Cv2005, Catocala vidua (Widow Underwing) Cv2005, Eutolype electilis (Chosen Sallow) Cv2005, Panopoda carneicosta (Brown Panopoda) [polyphagous] Cv2005; Notodontidae: Datana angusii (Angus' Datana) Wg2005, Datana contracta (Contracted Datana) [polyphagous] Cv2005, Datana integerrima (Walnut Caterpillar) Cv2005 Wg2005, Schizura concinna (Red-Humped Caterpillar) [polyphagous] Cv2005, Schizura leptinoides (Black-Blotched Schizura) Wg2005; Saturniidae: Actias luna (Luna Moth) [polyphagous] Cv2005, Citheronia regalis (Regal Moth) [polyphagous] Cv2005; Sphingidae: Laothoe juglandis (Walnut Sphinx) Cv2005 Wg2005; Tortricidae: Archips fervidana (Oak Webworm) Cv2005, Cydia caryana (Hickory Shuckworm) [larvae feed on husks of fruits] Mlr1987, Gretchena concubitana Mlr1987, Larisa subsolana Mlr1987, Olethreutes merrickana Mlr1987, Olethreutes nigranum (Dark Olethreutes) Mlr1987, Pseudexentera cressoniana (Shagbark Hickory Leafroller) [Carya ovata is the preferred host of this moth] Mlr1987
Orthoptera (Grasshoppers)
Tettigoniidae: Atlanticus testaceus (Protean Shieldback) [feeds on leaves, although not preferred as a source of food; lab observations] Ggw1967
Phasmatodea (Walkingsticks)
Diapheromeridae: Diapheromera femorata (Northern Walkingstick) Arm2006
Thysanoptera (Thrips)
Thripidae: Thrips calcaratus [polyphagous, feeds on buds & leaves] Nk1994, Thrips pallicornis [feeds on leaves] Nk1994, Thrips pectinatus [found under bark in CT, MD, & TN] Nk1994