Insects Feeding
on these Plants:
____________
Lactuca spp. (Wild Lettuce) [Asteraceae]
(Observations are from Stannard, Wagner, Hottes & Frison, Covell, Cranshaw, Felt, Blackman & Eastop, Miller, Pepper, Spencer & Steyskal, Natural History Museum)
Diptera (Flies)
Agromyzidae: Amauromyza maculosa [larvae are blotch leaf-miners; widespread] SS1986, Chromatomyia lactuca [larvae are leaf-miners; found in Michigan, New York, Pennsylvania, Maryland, & Canada] SS1986, Liriomyza endiviae [larvae are blotch leaf-miners; found in Maryland] SS1986; Cecidomyiidae: Lasioptera lactucae (Lettuce Stem Midge) [larvae form irregular stem galls] Flt1917
Homoptera (Sucking Insects)
Aphididae: Acyrthosiphon lactucae (Lettuce Aphid) [found on stems & leaf undersides, cultivated lettuce is the preferred host; this aphid was introduced from Europe into North America] BE2013, Hyperomyzus lactucae (Currant-Sowthistle Aphid) HF1931 Pp1965, Macrosiphum gei (Avens Aphid) [polyphagous] HF1931, Nasonovia ribisnigri (Currant-Lettuce Aphid) [found at shoot tips of Ribes spp. & curling young leaves, migrating during the summer to various herbaceous plants in the Asteraceae & other plant families; this aphid is found in NE USA, north-central USA, & Canada] Crw2004 HF1931 BE2013, Pemphigus bursarius (Poplar-Lettuce Aphid) [forms galls on poplar leaves, migrating during the summer to the roots of various herbaceous plants in the Asteraceae; this aphid is found in NE & north-central USA] Crw2004 BE2013, Prociphilus erigeronensis [found on the roots of many herbaceous plants in the Asteraceae & other plant families; widely distributed in the USA & Canada] HF1931 BE2013, Uroleucon ambrosiae (Brown Ambrosia Aphid) [probable misidentification of aphid, which is normally found on ragweed] Crw2004 HF1931 BE2013 Pp1965, Uroleucon gravicorne HF1931, Uroleucon pseudambrosiae (False Ambrosia Aphid) [found on stems & inflorescences; records of Uroleucon ambrosiae on Lactuca spp. probably refer to this aphid; found in E USA & Canada] Crw2004 BE2013, Uroleucon rudbeckiae [possible misidentification of aphid, which is normally found on Rudbeckia spp.] HF1931, Uroleucon sonchellum [found on leaves & stems; this native aphid is widely distributed in the USA] HF1931 BE2013 Pp1965, Uroleucon sonchi (Sowthistle Aphid) [sow-thistle is the preferred host; this Eurasian aphid has been observed in NE USA & SE Canada, including Illinois] BE2013
Hymenoptera (Bees, Galls, & Wasps)
Cynipidae: Aulacidea harringtoni [larvae live in stems] Flt1917, Aulacidea podagrae [larvae live in stems, sometimes causing swellings] Flt1917
Lepidoptera (Butterflies, Skippers, & Moths)
Arctiidae: Spilosoma congrua (Agreeable Tiger Moth) NHM2010; Geometridae: Scopula cacuminaria (Frosted Tan Wave) NHM2010; Noctuidae: Anarta trifolii (The Nutmeg) [polyphagous] NHMM2010, Autographa precationis (Common Looper Moth) [polyphagous] Wg2005 NHM2010, Chrysodeixis includens (Soybean Looper Moth) [polyphagous; syn. Pseudoplusia includens] NHM2010, Cucullia intermedia (Intermediate Hooded Owlet) [larvae feed on flowers] Cv2005 Wg2005 NHM2010, Lacinipolia implicata (Implicit Arches) [polyphagous] NHM2010, Lacinipolia renigera (Bristly Cutworm) [polyphagous] NHM2010; Tortricidae: Phaneta ornatula [larvae feed in flowerheads] Mlr1987 NHM2010, Thyraylia bunteana [larvae feed on seeds; syn. Cochylis bunteana] NHM2010
Thysanoptera (Thrips)
Thripidae: Thrips physapus (Dandelion Thrips) St1968