Insects Feeding
on these Plants:
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Verbena spp. (Vervain) [Verbenaceae]
(Observations are from Thomas, Hottes & Frison, Wagner, Covell, Needham et al., Felt, Blackman & Eastop, Miller, Robinson & Bradley, Natural History Museum, ScaleNet)
Diptera (Flies)
Agromyzidae: Calycomyza jucunda [larvae are leaf-miners, polyphagous] Ndm1928; Cecidomyiidae: Clinodiplosis verbenae (Vervain Leaf Midge) [larvae roll leaves along their margins] Flt1917
Homoptera (Sucking Insects)
Aphididae: Macrosiphum euphorbiae (Potato Aphid) [polyphagous] RB1965, Macrosiphum verbenae [found on leaves, observed in Illinois] Th1877 BE2013, Myzus persicae (Green Peach Aphid) [polyphagous] HF1931; Diaspididae: Aonidomytilus solidaginis (Goldenrod Scale) [males are found on leaves; this insect occurs in SE USA as far north as Maryland & Tennessee; species in the Asteraceae are the most typical hosts] SN2014
Lepidoptera (Butterflies, Skippers, & Moths)
Arctiidae: Spilosoma virginica (Virginia Tiger Moth) [polyphagous] NHM2010; Noctuidae: Autographa precationis (Common Looper Moth) [polyphagous] Cv2005 Wg2005, Catabena lineolata (Fine-lined Sallow) NHM2010, Crambodes talidiformis (Verbena Moth) Cv2005 NHM2010, Megalographa biloba (Bilobed Looper Moth) [polyphagous] NHM2010; Tortricidae: Choristoneura rosaceana (Oblique-banded Leafroller Moth) [polyphagous] NHM2010, Endothenia hebesana (Verbena Bud Moth) [larvae feed in flowers, buds, seed capsules; polyphagous] Mlr1987 NHM2010, Sparganothis sulfureana (Sparganothis Fruitworm) [larvae feed on flower buds & seed capsules; polyphagous] NHM2010, Xenotemna pallorana [larvae are leaf-rollers; polyphagous] NHM2010